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Glaucoma

Overview

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, often due to high intraocular pressure, leading to progressive vision loss and potential blindness.

Causes And Medications

Causes

  •  Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to fluid build-up
  • Genetic factors
  • Age-related changes
  • Eye injuries
  • Certain medications
  •  Medical conditions such as diabetes

Medications

  • Medications:
  • Eye drops or oral medications to reduce IOP

 

  • Laser Therapy
  •  Trabeculoplasty: Laser treatment to improve drainage in open-angle glaucoma.
  • Iridotomy: Creates a small hole in the iris to improve fluid drainage in angle-closure glaucoma.
  •  Cyclophotocoagulation: Laser treatment to reduce fluid production.

Glaucoma Examination at ABO

  • OP Measurement (Tonometry): Measures intraocular pressure to assess if it is elevated.
  • Optic Disc Assessment: Evaluates the optic nerve head for damage and changes indicative of glaucoma.
  • Perimetry: Tests the visual field to detect any loss of peripheral vision.
  • Pachymetry: Measures corneal thickness, as thinner corneas can be associated with higher glaucoma risk.
  • Corneal Thickness Measurement: Assesses the thickness of the cornea to aid in glaucoma diagnosis.
  • Gonioscopy: Examines the angle of the anterior chamber to check for blockages or abnormalities affecting fluid drainage.

Treatments @ ABO

Surgery:

  •  Trabeculectomy: Creates a new drainage pathway for aqueous humor.
  • Glaucoma Drainage Devices (Implants): Tiny tubes inserted to help drain fluid.
  • Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): Newer techniques with fewer complications and faster recovery.

Lifestyle Changes:

  • Regular eye exams, managing underlying conditions, and adherence to prescribed treatments.